abstract：BACKGROUND:Early Intervention in Psychosis Services (EIS) for young people in England experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) were commissioned in 2002, based on an expected incidence of 15 cases per 100 000 person-years, as reported by schizophrenia epidemiology in highly urban settings. Unconfirmed reports from EI...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Cheng F,Kirkbride JB,Lennox BR,Perez J,Masson K,Lawrence K,Hill K,Feeley L,Painter M,Murray GK,Gallagher O,Bullmore ET,Jones PB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Three cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wade TD,Zhu G,Martin NG

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies investigating neurocognitive impairment in subjects with eating disorders (EDs) have reported heterogeneous patterns of impairment and, in some instances, no dysfunction. The present study aimed to define the pattern of neurocognitive impairment in a large sample of bulimia nervosa (BN) patients and ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Galderisi S,Bucci P,Mucci A,Bellodi L,Cassano GB,Santonastaso P,Erzegovesi S,Favaro A,Mauri M,Monteleone P,Maj M

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Parental characteristics influence the risk of offspring suicide. In this study we wanted to separate the hereditary from the environmental influence of such factors by comparing their effects in the adopted versus non-adopted. METHOD:A register study was conducted in a national cohort of 2,471,496 individu...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： von Borczyskowski A,Lindblad F,Vinnerljung B,Reintjes R,Hjern A

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Met allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) valine-to-methionine (Val158Met) polymorphism is known to affect dopamine-dependent affective regulation within amygdala-prefrontal cortical (PFC) networks. It is also thought to increase the risk of a number of disorders characterized by affective mo...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lelli-Chiesa G,Kempton MJ,Jogia J,Tatarelli R,Girardi P,Powell J,Collier DA,Frangou S

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with coronary heart disease and, in some studies, depression. Most studies have been of populations selected by age and/or gender. We investigate these associations with depression, myocardial infarction (MI), or both, in a large ge...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bjerkeset O,Romild U,Smith GD,Hveem K

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The clinical picture of schizophrenia is frequently worsened by manifestations of impulsivity. However, the neural correlates of impulsivity in this disorder are poorly known. Although impulsivity has been related to disturbances of the neural processes underlying response inhibition, no studies have yet exa...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kaladjian A,Jeanningros R,Azorin JM,Anton JL,Mazzola-Pomietto P

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar (BD) and related disorders represents a core feature of these illnesses, possibly a marker of underlying pathophysiology. Substantial overlap in domains of neuropsychological deficits has been reported among these disorders after illness onset. Howeve...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Lewandowski KE,Cohen BM,Ongur D

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The notion that psychotic symptoms lie on a continuum with normality has become an accepted dogma. It is supported by several lines of empirical evidence, fits in with the orientation of modern services and has a 'moral' appeal. However, there is confusion as to the nature of the continuum or continua under discussion...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： David AS

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although a substantial body of research points to a link between psychological distress and inflammatory responses in middle-aged and older adults, particularly those with cardiovascular disease, the relationship between inflammation and distress in young, healthy individuals has not been established. This s...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Goldman-Mellor S,Brydon L,Steptoe A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Impaired spatial working memory (SWM) is a robust feature of schizophrenia and has been linked to the risk of developing psychosis in people with an at-risk mental state (ARMS). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural substrate of SWM in the ARMS and in patients who had jus...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Broome MR,Fusar-Poli P,Matthiasson P,Woolley JB,Valmaggia L,Johns LC,Tabraham P,Bramon E,Williams SC,Brammer MJ,Chitnis X,Zelaya F,McGuire PK

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies exploring gene-environment interplay in affective disorders now include very large numbers of participants. Methods for evaluating the role of adversity in such studies need to be developed that do not rely on lengthy and labour-intensive interviews. In the present study, a brief questionnaire method...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hosang GM,Korszun A,Jones L,Jones I,Gray JM,Gunasinghe CM,McGuffin P,Farmer AE

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:With regard to current neurobiological theories, the aim of our study was to examine possible alterations of temporal and frontal lobe volume in panic disorder (PD). METHOD:Seventeen in-patients with PD and a group of healthy control subjects (HC) matched for age and gender were investigated by quantitative...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Sobanski T,Wagner G,Peikert G,Gruhn U,Schluttig K,Sauer H,Schlösser R

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Slow-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the frontal cortex has been suggested as a safer and better tolerable alternative to fast-frequency rTMS in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of slow-frequency rTMS t...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Schutter DJ

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Puberty moderates genetic influences on disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, with little genetic influence before puberty but large (50%) genetic effects during and after puberty. To date, however, nothing is known about the mechanisms that underlie these effects. Estradiol is a particularly promising ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Klump KL,Keel PK,Sisk C,Burt SA

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is considerable debate surrounding the effective measurement of DSM-IV symptoms used to assess manic disorders in epidemiological samples. METHOD:Using two nationally representative datasets, the National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, n=43,093 at wave 1, n=34,653 at...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Agrawal A,Nurnberger JI Jr,Lynskey MT

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis use is associated with altered neurocognitive functioning in severe mental disorders, but data are still inconclusive and there are no studies of bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cannabis use and neurocognition in bipolar disorder compared with schiz...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Ringen PA,Vaskinn A,Sundet K,Engh JA,Jónsdóttir H,Simonsen C,Friis S,Opjordsmoen S,Melle I,Andreassen OA

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Subjects at 'ultra high risk' (UHR) for developing psychosis have differences in white matter (WM) compared with healthy controls. WM integrity has not yet been investigated in UHR subjects in relation to the development of subsequent psychosis. Hence, we investigated a prospective cohort of UHR subjects com...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Bloemen OJ,de Koning MB,Schmitz N,Nieman DH,Becker HE,de Haan L,Dingemans P,Linszen DH,van Amelsvoort TA

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cognitive theory points to the importance of negative self-schemas in the onset and maintenance of depression and anxiety disorders. Hereby, it is important to distinguish between automatic and explicit self-schemas, reflecting different cognitive-motivational systems. This study tested whether patients with...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Glashouwer KA,de Jong PJ

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) shows a strong phenotypic and genetic association with reaction time (RT) variability, considered to reflect lapses in attention. Yet we know little about whether this aetiological pathway is shared with other affected cognitive processes in ADHD, such as lower...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Wood AC,Asherson P,van der Meere JJ,Kuntsi J

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To assess the prevalence and clinical impact of co-morbid social anxiety disorder (SAD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD, i.e. alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence) in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States. METHOD:Data came from a large representative sample of the US population. F...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Schneier FR,Foose TE,Hasin DS,Heimberg RG,Liu SM,Grant BF,Blanco C

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently released prisoners are at markedly higher risk of suicide than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify key risk factors for suicide by offenders released from prisons in England and Wales. METHOD:All suicides committed by offenders within 12 months of their release from prison...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Pratt D,Appleby L,Piper M,Webb R,Shaw J

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preparing for potentially threatening events in the future is essential for survival. Anticipating the future to be unpleasant is also a cognitive key feature of depression. We hypothesized that 'pessimism'-related emotion processing would characterize brain activity in major depression.MethodDuring function...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Herwig U,Brühl AB,Kaffenberger T,Baumgartner T,Boeker H,Jäncke L

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bullying victimization is a topic of concern for youths, parents, school staff and mental health practitioners. Children and adolescents who are victimized by bullies show signs of distress and adjustment problems. However, it is not clear whether bullying is the source of these difficulties. This paper reviews empiri...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Arseneault L,Bowes L,Shakoor S

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of certain psychiatric syndromes (e.g. panic attacks, post-traumatic stress disorder) is crucially dependent on the psychosocial context in which they arise. For other syndromes (e.g. schizophrenia), the context is generally irrelevant. Should the diagnosis of major depression (MD) be made depe...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Kendler KS,Myers J,Halberstadt LJ

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the substantial heritability of the psychoses and their genuine public health burden, the applicability of the genomic approach in psychiatry has been strongly questioned or prematurely dismissed. METHODS:selective review of the recent literature on molecular genetic and genomic approaches to the ps...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Gill M,Donohoe G,Corvin A

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been called one of the signature injuries of the Iraq War. In this review prevalence estimates of PTSD are summarized and discrepancies are discussed in relation to methodological differences between studies. METHOD:We searched for population-based studies with a mi...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Sundin J,Fear NT,Iversen A,Rona RJ,Wessely S

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous imaging studies have revealed that acute major depression is characterized by altered neural responses to negative emotional stimuli. Typically, responses in limbic regions such as the amygdala are increased while activity in cortical regulatory regions such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Norbury R,Selvaraj S,Taylor MJ,Harmer C,Cowen PJ

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have mild hypocortisolism. The clinical significance of this is unclear. We aimed to determine whether hypocortisolism exerted any effect on the response of CFS to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). METHOD:We measured 24-h urinary free co...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Roberts AD,Charler ML,Papadopoulos A,Wessely S,Chalder T,Cleare AJ

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the association of eating disorder subtypes across multiple categories of substance use in population-based samples. We examined the association between eating disorders and substance use in a large population-based sample. METHOD:Female participants (n=13 297) were from the Swedish Tw...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Root TL,Pisetsky EM,Thornton L,Lichtenstein P,Pedersen NL,Bulik CM

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The extant major psychiatric classifications, DSM-IV and ICD-10, are purportedly atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis is greatly enhanced by an understanding of both risk factors and clinical history. In an effort to group mental d...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Goldberg DP,Andrews G,Hobbs MJ

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Morphometric endophenotypes which have been proposed for psychotic disorders include lateral ventricular enlargement and hippocampal volume reductions. Genetic epidemiological studies support an overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and COMT, BDNF, 5-HTT, NRG1 and DTNBP1 genes have been implica...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Dutt A,McDonald C,Dempster E,Prata D,Shaikh M,Williams I,Schulze K,Marshall N,Walshe M,Allin M,Collier D,Murray R,Bramon E

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The potential effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding neuroanatomical changes in psychosis. This review addresses two issues: (1) do antipsychotic medications induce changes in total or regional human brain volumes and (2) do such effects depend on antipsycho...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Navari S,Dazzan P

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fatigue syndromes and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often occur together. Explanations include being different manifestations of the same condition and simply sharing some symptoms. METHOD:A matched case-control study in UK primary care, using data collected prospectively in the General Practice Research D...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hamilton WT,Gallagher AM,Thomas JM,White PD

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Depressive symptoms above screening thresholds have been shown to predict functional decline in older adults. Less is known about the impact of subthreshold depression, and whether more symptoms confer significantly greater risk compared to fewer symptoms. METHOD:Using data from the Duke Established Populat...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Hybels CF,Pieper CF,Blazer DG

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Depressive disorders are known to often be chronic and recurrent both in the general population and in psychiatric settings. However, despite its importance for public health and services, the outcome of depression in primary care is not well known. METHOD:In The Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study (PC-VDS...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Vuorilehto MS,Melartin TK,Isometsä ET

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The correlates of insight in early-onset psychosis have received little previous attention. METHOD:We studied clinical correlates of insight in a sample of 110 adolescent recent-onset psychosis patients (mean age 15.53 years; psychotic symptoms present for <6 months). Insight was measured with the Scale to ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Parellada M,Fraguas D,Bombín I,Otero S,Castro-Fornieles J,Baeza I,Gonzalez-Pinto A,Graell M,Soutullo C,Paya B,Arango C

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-clinical psychosis-like symptoms (PLIKS) occur in about 15% of the population. It is not clear whether adverse events during early development alter the risk of developing PLIKS. We aimed to examine whether maternal infection, diabetes or pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, gestational age, perinatal cardiop...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Zammit S,Odd D,Horwood J,Thompson A,Thomas K,Menezes P,Gunnell D,Hollis C,Wolke D,Lewis G,Harrison G

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Public figures are at increased risk of attracting unwanted attention in the form of intrusions, stalking and, occasionally, attack. Whereas the potential threat to the British Royal Family from terrorists and organized groups is clearly defined, there is a dearth of knowledge about that from individual hara...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： James DV,Mullen PE,Pathé MT,Meloy JR,Preston LF,Darnley B,Farnham FR

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is being claimed as the 'signature' injury of the Iraq war, and is believed to be the cause of long-term symptomatic ill health (post-concussional syndrome; PCS) in an unknown proportion of military personnel. METHOD:We analysed cross-sectional data from a large, randomly ...

journal_title：Psychological medicine

authors： Fear NT,Jones E,Groom M,Greenberg N,Hull L,Hodgetts TJ,Wessely S

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00